Orbital Optimization of Deep Space Communications Constellations

Our work focuses on the orbital optimization of heliocentric relay networks (HRNs), a proposed architecture for improving data return from deep-space missions. Using genetic algorithms and network analysis methologies, we study how relay spacecraft can be distributed between Earth and planetary targets such as Mars and Venus to increase interplanetary data rates, avoid communications outages during adverse planetary alignments, and reduce the strain on NASA’s oversubscribed Deep Space Network.

Publications

1. Orbital Optimization of a Distributed Heliocentric Relay Network for Mars-Earth Communications. (2026 IEEE Aerospace Conference)
2. Heliocentric Mutually Orbiting Groups: Parametrization, Phasing Maneuvers, and Orbital Insertion. (2025 AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference)
3. Orbital Optimization of Distributed Heliocentric Relay Networks for Interplanetary Communications (J. Pénot SM Thesis, 2026)

People

Jules Pénot, Hamsa Balakrishnan.